<p>
	In a special report, we look at 20 years of the Femicide Watch Project and ask what needs to be done to better protect women and children from domestic abuse and homicide</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Claire O&rsquo;Sullivan</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	If a woman is to meet a violent death in this country, it won&rsquo;t most likely happen on a dimly-lit city street, on a stretch of barren waste ground, or in a half-empty multi-story car park.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	An Irish woman is most likely to be killed in her home, the place that should be her sanctuary, her refuge from the outside world.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	The typical Irish female homicide victim is stabbed or strangled in her home at the hands of somebody they once loved, according to a chilling 20-year analysis of the killing of women in this country.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	The Women&rsquo;s Aid Femicide Watch Project 1996-2016 research shows that the stabbing and strangulation of such homicide victims &ldquo;mirrors&rdquo; the disclosures of attempted strangulation and assault with knives disclosed daily by domestic abuse victims to Women&rsquo;s Aid counsellors.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	In the past two decades, 209 women have died violently in this country. Nearly two thirds of these women, numbering 131, were killed in their own homes. Where an attacker was identified, at least 54% were killed by a partner or a former partner, while another 33% were killed by a male family member or acquaintance. Just 21 of these 209 women were murdered by strangers.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Sixteen children died in the same violent frenzy that killed their mothers. Two women were pregnant at the time of their death.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	According to the figures, rape or sexual violence was involved in 22 of these women&rsquo;s deaths and, in seven cases, the women were identified as being involved in prostitution.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	In 13 cases, the woman was actively talking about leaving the doomed relationship, or was in the midst of saying goodbye.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	The Women&rsquo;s Aid Behind Closed Doors report is a stark analysis of how domestic violence can&rsquo;t be viewed separately from the murder or manslaughter of women.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	It highlights how beatings or physical abuse in the home &ldquo;can be lethal&rdquo;, as the &ldquo;methods of killing are very similar to the types of abuse disclosed to Women&rsquo;s Aid&rdquo; every day.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Last year, their services listened to 22,000 disclosures of abuse of women and children.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Counsellors heard of 970 threats to kill women, children, and other family members. There were 579 disclosures last year from women that they had been strangled, smot-hered, assaulted with a weapon, such as a knife, or had been threatened with a weapon.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	This finding replicates research from Rutgers University in the United States, which found that the patterns of behaviour and the risk factors exhibited by domestic abusers are also found in homicide cases.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Physical abuse, threats, sexual assault, violence during pregnancy, barring orders and barring order breaches, controlling behaviour, stalking, and the ending of the relationship all put women at increased risk of violence and death.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Women&rsquo;s Aid first began recording the violent deaths of women in 1996, when 45% of violent deaths in Ireland were the killing of women. Nineteen women died that year. Little has changed since, as that year, too, most of them were killed in their own home and most frequently by somebody they knew. &ldquo;The ultimate aim of this work [Femicide Monitoring Project] is to prevent further loss of life by increasing protection for women in society,&rdquo; says the introduction of this report.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Worldwide, female homicide victims are most likely to die in their home, and to be killed by a partner or former partner. What is shocking about this report is that, despite the violent deaths of women displaying similarities worldwide, research around domestic violence homicide or femicide is limited.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Studies in England and Wales have found that escalating physical assault and help-seeking are common features in two thirds of such violent deaths.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	This means these women had previously reached out for help and had been used as punchbags for some time before the final fatal attack.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Physical violence was not a previous factor for one third of these women. However, it was found these women had a history of being subjected to &ldquo;extensive jealous surveillance and controlling behaviour&rdquo;.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Most of these 207 deaths didn&rsquo;t happen out of the blue: Their killers had been emotionally, psychologically, or physically abusing them for a protracted period before they met their death. Despite knowing all these risk factors, the under- resourcing of domestic violence services and shelters continues.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Call for independent analysis of Irish murder-suicides</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	- Claire O&rsquo;Sullivan</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	In the past 20 years, there have been 22 murder-suicides in this country where a man killed a woman and then killed himself.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	The Women&rsquo;s Aid Femicide Monitoring Project shows that in all but one of these cases, women were killed by a partner or ex partner. In just one of these 22 cases, the victim was killed by her son.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	In four of these murder-suicides, the man killed not only a woman but also her children. Nine children in total have died in murder suicides in this country.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	People struggle to understand murder-suicides, but the Women&rsquo;s Aid figures show that it happens to rich and poor, urban and rural, young and old. Victims have ranged in age from 13 to 86.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Three years ago, deputy state pathologist Michael Curtis said murder-suicide appears to have become &ldquo;a regular phenomenon of recent years&rdquo;. He was commenting on research carried out by a student of forensic analysis and investigation at Sligo IT, Ciara Byrne, using data from the State Pathologists Office.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Interestingly, the director of research at the National Suicide Research Foundation (NSRF), Prof Ella Arensman disputes this, describing them as &ldquo;a relatively rare event&rdquo; earlier this year.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	The Byrne research found that most Irish murder-suicide killers had no history of previous psychiatric illness or notable drink and drugs problems.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	In the US, Jacquelyn C Campbell of John Hopkins University has pointed out that a 10-city research study showed that in 70% of murder-suicide cases involving intimate partners, there was a history of domestic violence. &ldquo;Prior domestic violence is by far the number-one risk factor in these cases,&rdquo; said Ms Campbell.</p>
<p>
	The country came to a standstill this summer when we learnt of the death of Clodagh Hawe and her three sons, Niall, Liam, and Ryan in Co Cavan. Women&rsquo;s Aid was not happy at the &ldquo;sympathetic media narrative&rdquo; around Alan Hawe where he was painted as &ldquo;an outwardly respected and trusted pillar of the community&rdquo; with &ldquo;mental health&nbsp;seen&nbsp;as the most likely motivation for this brutal crime&rdquo;.</p>
<p>
	The killings were not being depicted as extreme domestic violence, they said.</p>
<p>
	The support group for domestic abuse victims say they experienced a &ldquo;dramatic increase in calls in the immediate aftermath of the murder of Clodagh Hawe and her boys&rdquo;.</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;Our staff and volunteers on the 24-hour helpline were supporting women afraid of their partners who had threatened to kill them, the kids or themselves. And their fears are founded on reality,&rdquo; says the Behind Closed Doors report.</p>
<p>
	On August 30, Women&rsquo;s Aid posted on Facebook the statistics of women murdered by a current or former partner.</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;This changed the way the Cavan murders were being spoken about and resonated deeply with many women distressed by the crimes themselves and the sympathetic media narrative towards Alan Hawe. There were over 3,000 reactions, shares, and comments to this one post, including family members and friends remembering women they loved murdered; their pain still as raw as when it happened,&rdquo; they said.</p>
<p>
	An comprehensive&nbsp;independent analysis of Irish murder-suicides in this country has not taken place but should according to the NSRF. Prof Arensman has called for independent, in-depth investigations of each case &ldquo;in order to improve our knowledge of risk factors and patterns&rdquo;.</p>
<p>
	<strong>Call for multi-agency reviews</strong></p>
<p>
	Women&rsquo;s Aid is calling for the introduction&nbsp;for&nbsp;systemic reviews of domestic violence homicides to be introduced.</p>
<p>
	Such multi-agency reviews would involve family members, friends, social services, the Garda Sioch&aacute;na and voluntary agencies.</p>
<p>
	According to the authors of Behind Closed Doors, domestic homicide reviews (DHRs) take place in other countries and allow for better recognition and management of the risk factors that can put women at risk of death from people they know.</p>
<p>
	The information provided by each participant to the review is used to draw a picture of what was happening in the woman&rsquo;s life in the run-up to the homicide and helps formulate recommendations for change.</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;Women&rsquo;s Aid recommends that Ireland commences the practice of reviewing of all domestic violence homicides. In other jurisdictions, DHRs are systematic multi-agency reviews which are understood to be a route to improving both risk assessment and management alongside identifying gaps in policy and practice.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;Typically, DHRs involve sharing information between statutory agencies, NGOs and family and other informal networks,&rdquo; the authors said.</p>
<p>
	The Second National Strategy on Domestic, Sexual and Gender Based Violence was published by the Department of Justice earlier this year with the aim of changing societal attitudes, improving supports to victims and survivors and holding perpetrators to account.</p>
<p>
	According to the garda&iacute;, its Garda National Protective Services Bureau (GNPSB) is at the forefront of this strategy.</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;An Garda&nbsp;S&iacute;och&aacute;na has already established Victim Support Offices in all 28 divisions, we are also revising our policy on domestic abuse intervention and are developing risk assessment tools to identify and manage risk within families,&rdquo; said a spokesman.</p>
<p>
	It is also undertaking a domestic homicide review process to see what garda&iacute; can learn from these cases.</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;The Garda S&iacute;och&aacute;na Analysis Service is reviewing incidents of&nbsp;domestic related&nbsp;homicide and plans are in place for the development of a Domestic Homicide review process within GNPSB which will actually review specific cases to identify learning for future improvement,&rdquo; he said.</p>
<p>
	Women&rsquo;s Aid has welcomed the commitment by An Garda S&iacute;och&aacute;na to the Second Domestic Violence Strategy and particularly its &ldquo;focus on the perpetrator of domestic violence and the identification and recording of all crimes with a domestic violence motive&rdquo;.</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;We recommend that these initiatives are fully resourced,&rdquo; a spokeswoman said.</p>
<p>
	However, it has urged Cosc, the National Office for the Prevention of Domestic, Sexual and Gender-based Violence, to go further.</p>
<p>
	&ldquo;The piloting of risk assessment and management by An Garda S&iacute;och&aacute;na is a most welcome development but we need to go a step further,&rdquo; the Behind Closed Doors authors said.</p>
<p>
	Domestic homicide reviews would facilitate a refining of risk factors, raise awareness among&nbsp;stake holders&nbsp;and offer direction for improvement in protection for women and children.</p>
<p>
	On UN Day Opposing Violence against Women, Women&rsquo;s Aid publishes a report that shows that a woman in Ireland is more likely to be killed in her own home and by a current or former boyfriend, partner or husband. Margaret Martin, director, outlines 20 years of the Femicide Watch Project and what needs to be done to better protect women and children from domestic abuse and homicide.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	THE year 1996 was a bloody one for women in Ireland. By May, 8 women had been killed since the beginning of the year. More than the total for 1995. By New Year&rsquo;s Eve 19 women had been killed: The majority in their own homes and by someone known to them. Unusally, these killings of women represented 45% of all murder cases for that year.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Women&rsquo;s Aid had, at that stage, been working to protect women and children for just over two decades. Our prevalence study, Making the Links, the first of its kind in Ireland, published in 1995 told us that one in five women were affected by domestic abuse. We knew that there was an urgent need to build an understanding of how dangerous domestic violence could be.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Since then, Women&rsquo;s Aid has, using newspaper records, charted and highlighted Femicide cases and violent deaths where the victims are female in the Republic of Ireland. Since the beginning of 1996, 209 women have died violently in the Republic of Ireland. 16 children were killed alongside their mothers. 131 women (63%) were killed in their own homes.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Where the cases have been resolved, 89 women (54%) were murdered by a current or former male intimate partner. Another 54 (33%) were killed by a male relative or acquaintance; 21 women were murdered by a stranger.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Domestic violence kills women. It kills children too.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Domestic violence includes emotional, physical, financial and sexual abuse. In 2015 we heard over 22,000 disclosures of abuse of women and children. Every day on the Women&rsquo;s Aid 24hr National Freephone Helpline we hear from women who live on a knife edge of fear and it would be wrong to underestimate the scale and impact of violence against women. Homicide is the ultimate act of domestic violence. Many of the risk factors in domestic violence homicide cases overlap with behaviours and tactics used by perpetrators of domestic violence. Last year there were 970 threats to kill women, children and family members disclosed to Women&rsquo;s Aid. There were 579 additional disclosures of assaults with weapons, threats with weapons and being strangled and smothered.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	We know where women are killed. We know how women are killed and by whom. And we know why. It is time to act. Femicide must not be accepted as a fact of life. Women should be safe in their homes and in their relationships.</p>
<p>
	&nbsp;</p>
<p>
	Women&rsquo;s Aid believes that increased recognition and management of risk factors for intimate partner homicide would lead to an improved response to domestic abuse by the State and its agencies. Women&rsquo;s Aid welcomes the commitment by An Garda S&iacute;och&aacute;na in the Second National Strategy on Domestic, Sexual and Gender-Based Violence to pilot risk assessment, focus on the perpetrator of domestic violence and the identification and recording of all crimes with a domestic violence motive. We recommend that these initiatives are fully resourced including resourcing specialist domestic violence services who are a crucial part of both risk assessment and risk management. But we must go a step further by starting the practice of reviewing of all domestic violence homicides. In other jurisdictions, Domestic Homicide Reviews are systematic multi-agency reviews which are understood to be a route to improving both risk assessment and management alongside identifying gaps in policy and practice.</p>
<p>
	Our Femicide Watch is stark and distressing. But it is necessary.</p>
<p>
	Lethal violence is at the most severe end of the spectrum of violence against women and the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, Dubravka ?Simonovi&acute;c, has prioritised femicide. She called for all states to focus on gender-related killing of women by establishing a Femicide Watch. Ireland, with the foresight of Women&rsquo;s Aid, has 20 years of information. Women&rsquo;s Aid will submit a copy of this Femicide Watch for Ireland to Ms ?Simonovi&acute;c as part of this year&rsquo;s 16 Days of Action campaign.</p>
<p>
	We publish our Femicide Watch Report after 20 years to pause, and to remember and reflect, on the lives lost to male violence. Each woman murdered is an outrage. An absolute brutal loss of life. There is no greater violation of a woman&rsquo;s human rights than the right to life itself. Women&rsquo;s Aid stands in solidarity with families, friends and communities of women murdered and with the many women currently living with abuse. We remember those women murdered but where no perpetrator has been charged and the other cases yet to come to trial. Our thoughts are with their families who are waiting for justice. And we will continue this work to bring to light, what goes on behind closed doors in Ireland.</p>
<p>
	Women&rsquo;s Aid 24hr National Freephone Helpline 1800 341 900. www.womensaid.ie The Women&rsquo;s Aid Femicide Watch Report 1996 &ndash; 2016 is launched today, UN Day Opposing Violence against Women, November 25, 2016.</p>
<p>
	<strong>Marilyn Rynn</strong>&nbsp;aged 41, died Jan-96 in Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Joyce Quinn</strong>&nbsp;44, Jan-96, Kildare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mary Molumby</strong>&nbsp;86, Mar-96, Tipperary &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sandra Tobin</strong>&nbsp;35, Mar-96, Waterford &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Noeleen Cawley</strong>&nbsp;37, Apr-96, Sligo &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Alison White</strong>&nbsp;13, Apr-96, Donegal &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Anne-Marie Duffin</strong>&nbsp;39, Apr-96, Kerry &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Martina Halligan</strong>&nbsp;33, May-96, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Angela Collins</strong>&nbsp;49, May-96, Limerick &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Patti Bainbridge</strong>&nbsp;61, May-96, Laois &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Patricia Murphy</strong>&nbsp;33, May-96, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Veronica Guerin</strong>&nbsp;37, Jun-96, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Margaret O Sullivan</strong>&nbsp;40, Aug-96, Kerry &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Maura McKinney</strong>&nbsp;58, Aug-96, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Shirley Clince</strong>&nbsp;Sep-96 &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Janet Mooney</strong>&nbsp;29, Sep-96, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Geraldine Diver</strong>&nbsp;42, Dec-96, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sophie Toscan du Plantier</strong>&nbsp;37, Dec-96, Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Belinda Pereira</strong>&nbsp;26, Dec-96, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Miriam O&rsquo;Donohue</strong>&nbsp;42, Jan-97, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mary Callinan</strong>&nbsp;61, Mar-97, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sylvia Sheilds</strong>&nbsp;58, Mar-97, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Bernie Sherry</strong>&nbsp;44, Apr-97, Laois &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Kitty Gubbins</strong>&nbsp;70, May-97, Limerick &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mandy Wong</strong>&nbsp;28 , Jun-97, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Elizabeth Troy</strong>&nbsp;60 , Jul-97, Limerick &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Catherine Doyle</strong>&nbsp;26, Aug-97, Roscommon &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Margaret Murphy</strong>&nbsp;73 , Aug-97 , Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sheila McDonagh</strong>&nbsp;26, Sep-97, Louth &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Maura Shah</strong>&nbsp;39 , Sep-97 , Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Gillian Thornton</strong>&nbsp;20, Oct-97, Mayo &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mary Cully</strong>&nbsp;54, Nov-97, Westmeath &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mary Kelehan</strong>&nbsp;49, Nov-97, Galway &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Eileen Costello</strong>&nbsp;<strong>O&rsquo;Shaughnessy</strong>&nbsp;47, Dec-97, Galway &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mandy Smyth</strong>&nbsp;26, Jan-98 , Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Joan McCarthy</strong>&nbsp;47 , Apr-98, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Georgina O&rsquo;Donnell</strong>&nbsp;21 , May-98 , Limerick &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sinead Kelly</strong>&nbsp;21, Jun-98 , Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Chantal Bergeron</strong>&nbsp;41, Aug-98 , Tipperary &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Theresa Doherty</strong>&nbsp;49, Sep-98, Tipperary &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Christina Hackett</strong>&nbsp;31, Oct-98, Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Marie Dillon</strong>&nbsp;72, Nov-98, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Siobhan Hynes</strong>&nbsp;17 , Dec-98, Galway &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Sheila Lynch</strong>&nbsp;44, Dec-98, Cavan &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Catherine Hegarty</strong>&nbsp;33, Feb-99, Cork &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Layla Brennan</strong>&nbsp;25 , Mar-99, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Marie Hennessy</strong>&nbsp;31, May-99, Kilkenny &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Bente Carroll</strong>&nbsp;45, May-99, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Gertrude Dolan</strong>&nbsp;56 , Jun-99, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Eileen Coyne</strong>&nbsp;82 , Jul-99, Galway &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Bridget McFadden</strong>&nbsp;76, Jul-99, Galway &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Margaret Concannon</strong>&nbsp;72, Jul-99 , Galway &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Charlene McAulliffe</strong>&nbsp;19 , Sep-99 , Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Raonaid Murray</strong>&nbsp;17 , Sep-99 , Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Catherine Mullins</strong>&nbsp;43, Oct-99, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Rachel Sandeman</strong>&nbsp;17, Feb-00, Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Nancy Nolan</strong>&nbsp;80, Feb-00 , Galway &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Jennifer Donnan</strong>&nbsp;42 , Apr-00 , Limerick &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Maeve Byrne</strong>&nbsp;(Children: Alan, 10; Shane, 6) 37, Sep-00, Kilkenny &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Rachel Kiely</strong>&nbsp;22, Oct-00, Cork &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Dearbhla Keating</strong>&nbsp;28, Nov-00 , Waterford &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Jennifer Wilkinson</strong>&nbsp;24, Dec-00, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Susan Prakash</strong>&nbsp;28, Dec-00, Louth &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sandra Collins</strong>&nbsp;29, Dec-00, Mayo &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Jean Reilly</strong>&nbsp;34 , Dec-00, Meath &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mary Whelan</strong>&nbsp;27 , Mar-01 Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Lui Quing</strong>&nbsp;19, Mar-01, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Teresa Joyce</strong>&nbsp;May-01&mdash; Debbie Fox (Children: Trevor, 9; Cillian, 7) 30, Jul-01, Westmeath &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Margaret Fahy</strong>&nbsp;78, Sept-01, Galway &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Linda Dunne</strong>&nbsp;24, Sep-01, Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Bettina Poeschel</strong>&nbsp;28, Sep-01, Meath &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Geraldine Kissane</strong>&nbsp;23, Oct-01, Clare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Lorraine O&rsquo;Connor</strong>&nbsp;19 , Oct-01, Clare &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Lisa Bell</strong>&nbsp;22, Dec-01, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sr Philomena Lyons</strong>&nbsp;68, Dec-01, Monaghan &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Grainne Dillon</strong>&nbsp;24, Jan-02, Limerick &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Joan Power</strong>&nbsp;43, Mar-02, Waterford &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Rosie Collinson</strong>&nbsp;51, Mar-02, Tipperary &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Nichola Sweeney</strong>&nbsp;20, Apr-02, Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Niamh Murphy</strong>&nbsp;17 , May-02, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Nora Kiely</strong>&nbsp;46, Jul-02, Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Carmel Coyne</strong>&nbsp;38, Aug-02, Kildare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mook Ah Mooi</strong>&nbsp;49, Aug-02, Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Sasha Pimosieje</strong>&nbsp;Dec-02, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Christine Quinn</strong>&nbsp;36, Dec-02 , Kilkenny &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Jean Scanlon</strong>&nbsp;33 , Jan-03 , Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Marie Bridgeman</strong>&nbsp;56, Jan-03, Meath &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Cliona Manger</strong>&nbsp;19, Feb-03, Cork &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Natasha Gray</strong>&nbsp;25, Feb-03, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Lindita&nbsp;Kukaj</strong>&nbsp;23, Feb-03, Sligo &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Georgina Eager</strong>&nbsp;29 , May-03 , Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Xiang Yi Wang</strong>&nbsp;21, Jul-03, Wicklow &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Ann Flynn</strong>&nbsp;58, Dec-03 , Roscommon &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Attracta Harron</strong>&nbsp;65, Dec-03, Donegal &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Dolores McCrea</strong>&nbsp;39, Jan-04, Donegal &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Joan Casey</strong>&nbsp;65, Apr-04, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Janet Chaney</strong>&nbsp;47, Apr-04, Louth &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Lorraine Crowley</strong>&nbsp;36, May-04, Waterford &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Jamie Farrelly</strong>&nbsp;<strong>Maughan</strong>&nbsp;13, Jul-04, Cavan &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Paiche Onyemaechi</strong>&nbsp;25, Jul-04, Waterford &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Lynette McKeown</strong>&nbsp;19, Aug-04 , Kildare &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Mary Walsh</strong>&nbsp;54 , Sep-04 Waterford &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Elizabeth McCarthy</strong>&nbsp;32 , Sep-04, Kerry &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Rachel O&rsquo;Reilly</strong>&nbsp;31, Oct-04, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Margeurite O&rsquo;Dwyer</strong>&nbsp;17, Nov-04, Clare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Colleen Mulder</strong>&nbsp;41, Dec-04, Meath &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Celia Bailey</strong>&nbsp;54, Mar-05, Sligo &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mary Hannon</strong>&nbsp;59 , Apr-05, Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Irene White</strong>&nbsp;44, Apr-05, Louth &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Emer O&rsquo;Loughlin</strong>&nbsp;23, Apr-05, Clare &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Catherine McEnery</strong>&nbsp;35, Jul-05, Galway &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Frances Ralph</strong>&nbsp;46, Aug-05, Kildare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Ann Walsh</strong>&nbsp;23, Aug-05, Clare &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Rosemary Dowling</strong>&nbsp;49, Oct-05, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Regina O&rsquo;Connor</strong>&nbsp;48, Nov-05, Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Amy Farrell</strong>&nbsp;21, Jan-06 , Cavan &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Rebecca Kinsella</strong>&nbsp;19, Jan-06, Kildare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Siobhan Kearney</strong>&nbsp;38, Feb-06, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Donna Cleary</strong>&nbsp;22 , Mar-06, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Karen Guinee</strong>&nbsp;23, Jun-06, Galway &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Sheola Keaney</strong>&nbsp;19, Jul-06, Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Breda Ryan</strong>&nbsp;20, Aug-06 , Louth &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Melissa Mahon</strong>&nbsp;14 , Sep-06, Sligo &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Meg Walsh</strong>&nbsp;35, Oct-06 , Waterford &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Baiba Saulite</strong>&nbsp;28, Nov-06, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Rose Patterson</strong>&nbsp;30 , Apr-07, Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Ciara Dunne</strong>&nbsp;(Children: Leanne, 5; Shania, 2) 24 , Apr-07, Wexford &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Anne Marie O&rsquo;Neill</strong>&nbsp;50 , Apr-07, Tipperary &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Sara Neligan</strong>&nbsp;31, Jun-07, Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Mary Sleator</strong>&nbsp;82, Jul-07, Wicklow &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Jean Gilbert</strong>&nbsp;46, Aug-07, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sharon Coughlan</strong>&nbsp;37, Sep-07, Longford &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Amanda Jenkins</strong>&nbsp;27 , Oct-07 , Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Manuela Riedo</strong>&nbsp;17, Oct-07, Galway &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Joanne Mangan</strong>&nbsp;20 , Oct-07, Tipperary &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Marion O&rsquo;Leary</strong>&nbsp;53, Oct-07, Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Ciara N&iacute; Chathmhaoil</strong>&nbsp;22, Nov-07, Carlow &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Sylvia Roche</strong>&nbsp;Kelly 33, Dec-07, Limerick &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Marioara Rostas</strong>&nbsp;19, Jan-08, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Lorraine Flood</strong>&nbsp;(Children: Mark, 6; Julie, 5) 38 , Apr-08 , Wexford &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Lillian Scanlon</strong>&nbsp;45, May-08, Westmeath (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Nicola Vonkova</strong>&nbsp;19 , Jul-08, Galway &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Kezia Gomes Rosa</strong>&nbsp;26, Aug-08, Roscommon &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Yvonne O&rsquo;Shea</strong>&nbsp;40, Nov-08 , Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Carmel Breen</strong>&nbsp;57, Nov-08, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Noeleen Brennan</strong>&nbsp;38, Nov-08, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Celine Cawley</strong>&nbsp;46, Dec-08, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Rebecca Hoban</strong>&nbsp;28, Dec-08, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sharon Whelan</strong>&nbsp;(Children:&nbsp;Zsara, 7; Nadia, 2) 30, Dec-08, Kilkenny &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Anne Corcoran</strong>&nbsp;60, Jan-09, Cork &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Joan Vickers</strong>&nbsp;43, Apr-09, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Tracey O&rsquo;Brien</strong>&nbsp;31, Jun-09, Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Carmel Marrinan</strong>&nbsp;61, Jul-09 , Mayo &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Eugenia Bratis</strong>&nbsp;35, Aug-09, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Brenda Ahern</strong>&nbsp;30, Sep-09, Waterford &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Lisa Doyle</strong>&nbsp;24, Sep-09, Carlow &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Rebecca French</strong>&nbsp;30, Oct-09 , Wexford &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Joselita De Silva</strong>&nbsp;33, Oct-09 , Offaly &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Loradena Pricajan</strong>&nbsp;36, Jan-10, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Catherine Smart</strong>&nbsp;57, Apr-10 , Cork &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Breda Cummins</strong>&nbsp;31, May-10, Kildare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Helen Donegan</strong>&nbsp;30, May-10, Kildare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sarah Hines</strong>&nbsp;(Children: Reece, 3; Amy, 5 months ) 25, Nov-10 , Limerick &mdash; Alicia Brough 20, Nov-10, Limerick &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Ana Butautiene</strong>&nbsp;56 , Dec-10, Dublin (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Breda Waters</strong>&nbsp;28, Jan-11, Limerick &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Marie Greene</strong>&nbsp;37, Feb-11, Westmeath &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Katarzyna Barowiak</strong>&nbsp;25 , Mar-11, Kerry &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Noreen Kelly Eadon</strong>&nbsp;46, Mar-11, Mayo &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Deirdre McCarthy</strong>&nbsp;43, Mar-11, Clare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Diane Burroughs</strong>&nbsp;30 , Apr-11, Laois &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Ann Henry</strong>&nbsp;49, Sep-11, Roscommon &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Rudo Mawere</strong>&nbsp;26, Jan-12, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Veronica Vollrath</strong>&nbsp;83 , Jan-12, Waterford (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Melanie McCarthy McNamara</strong>&nbsp;16 , Feb-12, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sarah Regan</strong>&nbsp;30, Feb-12, Roscommon &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mary Ryan</strong>&nbsp;37, May-12 , Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Siobhan Stapleton</strong>&nbsp;51, May-12, Kilkenny &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Jacqueline McDonagh</strong>&nbsp;34, Aug-12 , Louth &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Elaine O&rsquo;Hara</strong>&nbsp;36, Aug-12 , Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Elizabeth Duff</strong>&nbsp;47, Aug-12, Kildare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Anna Finnegan</strong>&nbsp;26, Sep-12, Dublin (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Aoife Phelan</strong>&nbsp;30, Oct-12, Laois &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Olivia Dunlea O&rsquo;Brien</strong>&nbsp;36, Feb-13 , Cork &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Deirdre Keenan</strong>&nbsp;51, Feb-13, Carlow &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Jolanta Lubiene</strong>&nbsp;(Child: Enrika, 8) 27, Jun-13, Kerry &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Aleksandra Sarzynska</strong>&nbsp;32, Aug-13, Meath (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Patricia Kierans</strong>&nbsp;54, Sep-13, Cavan &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Brigid Bernadette Cash</strong>&nbsp;20, Oct-13, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Susan Dunne</strong>&nbsp;53, Nov-13 , Kerry (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Sara Staunton</strong>&nbsp;28, Dec-13 , Mayo &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Sonia Blount</strong>&nbsp;31, Feb-14, Dublin (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Marie Carroll</strong>&nbsp;58, Mar-14 , Dublin (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mary Dargan</strong>&nbsp;66, Mar-14, Dublin &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Mairead Moran</strong>&nbsp;26, May-14, Kilkenny &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Lynn Cassidy</strong>&nbsp;50, Jun-14 , Wicklow &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Antra Ozolina</strong>&nbsp;49, Jun-14, Cavan &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Carol McAuley</strong>&nbsp;54, Aug-14, Dublin &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Marie O&rsquo;Brien</strong>&nbsp;55, Sep-14 , Waterford (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Angelique Belling</strong>&nbsp;27, Dec-14, Clare &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Valerie Greaney</strong>&nbsp;49, Dec-14 , Cork &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Jane Braidwood</strong>&nbsp;65, Jan-15, Dublin (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Anne Shortall</strong>&nbsp;47, Apr-15, Wicklow (Awaiting trial) &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Marie Quigley</strong>&nbsp;68, Jul-15, Louth &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Natalie McGuiness</strong>&nbsp;23, Oct-15 , Sligo (Awaiting trial) &mdash;<strong>&nbsp;Brigid Maguire</strong>&nbsp;43, Nov-15, Westmeath (Awaiting trial) &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Clodagh Hawe</strong>&nbsp;(Children: Liam, 14; Niall, 11; Ryan, 6) 39 , Aug-16 , Cavan &mdash;&nbsp;<strong>Kitty Fitzgerald</strong>&nbsp;72 , Nov-16 , Mayo</p>
<p>
	(Published by the Irish Independent on the 25th November 2016)</p>
<p>
	<a href="http://www.irishexaminer.com/viewpoints/analysis/special-report-20-years-of-the-femicide-watch-project-432252.html">http://www.irishexaminer.com/viewpoints/analysis/special-report-20-years-of-the-femicide-watch-project-432252.html</a></p>
